A standard solar panel consists of a layer of silicon cells, a metal frame, a glass casing, and various wiring to allow current to flow from the silicon cells. Silicon is a nonmetal with conductive properties that allow it to absorb and convert sunlight into electricity. In this regard, the major components of a solar energy system are the panels, inverter(s), racking and solar battery storage unit(s).

There are other components that have to be also considered for optimization and efficiency. Solar panels are the most visible element of your system, which is why you’re likely the most familiar with it. They are, in essence, the “face” of solar.